Generic Entry into the Regulated Spanish Pharmaceutical Market
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper empirically analyses entry by generic firms into the strictly regulated Spanish pharmaceutical market. We estimate a fixed effects negative binomial entry model using a panel of 77 active ingredient markets during the period 1999– 2005. The results show that generic entry depends positively on revenues, the age of themarket, and the number of previous brand-name competitors, and negatively on the number of generic incumbents. We also find that regulation may drive out competition since, contrary to what policy makers might expect, the system of reference pricing restrains generic entry.
منابع مشابه
Factors determining the post-patent entry of generic medicines in Malaysia: A survey of the Malaysian generic pharmaceutical industry
Malaysia is reliant on the availability of generic medicines to contain the rising national pharmaceutical expenditure. This paper assesses the factors determining the market entry of a new generic medicine following patent expiration on the innovator product in Malaysia. Data were gathered by using mail survey approach. The prevalidated Likert-scale questionnaire was mailed to all licensed mem...
متن کاملMeasuring performance in off-patent drug markets: a methodological framework and empirical evidence from twelve EU Member States.
This paper develops a methodological framework to help evaluate the performance of generic pharmaceutical policies post-patent expiry or after loss of exclusivity in non-tendering settings, comprising five indicators (generic availability, time delay to and speed of generic entry, number of generic competitors, price developments, and generic volume share evolution) and proposes a series of met...
متن کاملReference Pricing, Generic Entry, and Pharmaceutical Prices
In this paper we study the impact of reference pricing (RP) on entry of generic firms in the pharmaceutical market. For given prices, RP increases generic firms’expected profit, but since RP also stimulates price competition the impact on generic entry is theoretically ambiguous. In order to empirically test the effects of RP, we exploit a policy reform in Norway in 2005 that exposed a subset o...
متن کاملPii: S0144-8188(00)00030-2
This article analyzes for the pharmaceutical market in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan: (a) the determinants of generic entry; (b) the determinants of the entry lag when there is generic entry; and (c) the impact on original brand sales of generic entry. The results suggest that the larger the market, the greater is the probability of both generic entry and the subsequ...
متن کاملEncouraging the use of generic medicines: implications for transition economies.
Generic drugs have a key role to play in the efficient allocation of financial resources for pharmaceutical medicines. Policies implemented in the countries with a high rate of generic drug use, such as Canada, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States, are reviewed, with consideration of the market structures that facilitate strong competition. Savings in the...
متن کامل